Os reenviamos un mensaje sobre una conferencia en línea organizada por el Máster de Neurociencia Cognitiva y del Comportamiento de la Universidad de Granada.

La Junta Directiva de la SEPEX

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Conferenciante: Guillermo Borragán (Université Libre de Bruxelles -ULB, Belgium)

Fecha: 28 de Mayo a las 12:30h. Formato online

Titulo: Optimal performance, Attentional engagement & Cognitive Fatigue: From theory to practice.

Abstract: In an increasingly exigent society, keeping good levels of work efficiency has become a priority for individuals, corporations and governments. The presence of cognitive fatigue plays a significant role in the loss of productivity, poor academic performance for children, increased risks of accidents, and reduced quality of life. Some of the most famous and devastating accidents in recent human history, such as the Bhopal gas leak (considered the world’s worst industrial disaster), the Exxon Valdez oil spill or the nuclear plant accidents of Chernobyl and Three Mile Island were partially caused by negligence in the management of human performance limits. Knowing with exactitude when an individual starts to be cognitively inefficient would allow the adoption of strategies to prevent potential errors and limit the consequences of attentional disengagement. The research work that will be presented during this workshop investigates the impact that operational stressors such as cognitive fatigue or exposure to extreme environments have on human performance. Using a multimodal approach combining behavioural and neuroimaging techniques (fNIRS), we investigated the factors preventing optimal performance as well as the associated cerebral dynamics. Our results suggest that the triggering of cognitive fatigue, subsequent attentional disengagement, and falling performance are functions of the cognitive load defined by the Time Based Shared Resources Model (TBRS) as the available time to process information. At the neural level, we discuss the presence of brain compensatory mechanisms and how performance is affected when the access to the pool of resources is hampered or compromised, rather than by a net decrease in brain activity. The results are in line with the existence of a top-down signalling role of the frontal areas to regulate activity in order to limit performance errors and to ensure the integrity of the cell assemblies…

Interest reading:

Borragán, Slama, B. and P. (2017). Cognitive fatigue: A time-based resource-sharing account. Cortex, 89, 71–84.

Borragán, G., Guerrero-mosquera, C., Guillaume, C., Slama, H., & Peigneux, P. (2019). Decreased prefrontal connectivity parallels cognitive fatigue-related performance decline after sleep deprivation . An optical imaging study. Biological Psychology, 144(March), 115–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.03.004

Krueger, J.M., Rector, D.M., Roy, S., Van Dongen, H., Belenky, G. and Panksepp, J. (2008). Sleep as a Fundamental Property of Neuronal Assemblies. Nature Reviews. Neuroscience 9 (12): 910–9. doi:10.1038/nrn2521

Kurzban, R., Duckworth, A., Kable, J.W. and Myers, J. (2013a). An opportunity cost model of subjective effort and task performance. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 36(6), 661–79. doi:10.1017/S0140525X12003196